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:''Not to be confused with sixth disease. See Exanthema subitum.'' Erythema infectiosum or fifth disease is one of several possible manifestations of infection by parvovirus B19. The disease is also referred to as slapped cheek syndrome, slapcheek, slap face or slapped face.〔〔 The name "fifth disease" comes from its place on the standard list of rash-causing childhood diseases, which also includes measles, scarlet fever, and rubella. ==Signs and symptoms== Fifth disease starts with a low-grade fever, headache, rash, and cold-like symptoms, such as a runny or stuffy nose. These symptoms pass, then a few days later the rash appears. The bright red rash most commonly appears in the face, particularly the cheeks. This is a defining symptom of the infection in children (hence the name "slapped cheek disease"). Occasionally the rash will extend over the bridge of the nose or around the mouth. In addition to red cheeks, children often develop a red, lacy rash on the rest of the body, with the upper arms, torso, and legs being the most common locations. The rash typically lasts a couple of days and may itch; some cases have been known to last for several weeks. Patients are usually no longer infectious once the rash has appeared. Teenagers and adults may present with a self-limited arthritis. It manifests in painful swelling of the joints that feels similar to arthritis. Older children and adults with fifth disease may have difficulty in walking and in bending joints such as wrists, knees, ankles, fingers, and shoulders.〔〔 The disease is usually mild, but in certain risk groups it can have serious consequences: * In pregnant women, infection in the first trimester has been linked to hydrops fetalis, causing spontaneous miscarriage. * In people with sickle-cell disease or other forms of chronic hemolytic anemia such as hereditary spherocytosis, infection can precipitate an aplastic crisis.〔〔 * Those who are immuno-compromised (HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy) may be at risk for complications if exposed.〔Yoto, Y., et. al, (2003). "Retrospective study on the influence of human parvovirus B19 infection among children with malignant diseases". Acta Haematol pg.8–12, PMID 8237278〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「fifth disease」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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